Kisspeptin-10

Kisspeptin-10 Peptide

Kisspeptin (also called metastin) is a naturally occurring human protein that is a central player in hormonal signaling for puberty and reproduction. It is also studied for its influence on mood, behavior, angiogenesis, and kidney regulation. In the brain, kisspeptin has demonstrated an ability to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. Its primary function is the stimulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release.

Kisspeptin-10 Peptide - 5mg Overview

Kisspeptins are a group of neuropeptides. Kisspeptin-10 is the smallest form that retains biological activity. It functions by binding to its receptor, KISS1R, which triggers the release of GnRH from the hypothalamus. This chain reaction regulates the secretion of LH and FSH.

Kisspeptin-10 is an important research tool in studies focusing on fertility, reproductive endocrinology, neuroendocrine communication, and cancer. It is also explored in metabolic research due to its critical role in connecting energy balance with reproductive function.

Kisspeptin-10 Research

Boosting Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone

GnRH is produced by hypothalamic neurons and initiates the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, which regulates the release of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland. These hormones are vital for puberty and reproductive cell maturation. GnRH is used clinically for menstrual cycle management, precocious puberty, and certain cancer treatments.

Increasing Testosterone

Kisspeptin influences testosterone by modulating LH and FSH levels, an effect primarily observed in men.

Testosterone Impact in Research

Significant elevation of plasma testosterone (nearly tripled in one male study) observed after administration of a derivative.

Kisspeptin-10 causes a rapid, dose-dependent rise in serum LH and subsequent testosterone increase in men.

Suggested regulatory role in maintaining the pulsatile release of reproductive hormones.

This research suggests potential for kisspeptin derivatives in managing infertility and low testosterone.

Energy Balance

Kisspeptin neurons are suppressed by extremes of nutrition (under- or over-nutrition), which mediates infertility linked to major energy fluctuations. Furthermore, research suggests kisspeptin actively helps regulate energy homeostasis. This is supported by studies on mice lacking the Kisspeptin receptor ($Kiss1r$) which developed increased fat accumulation, highlighting kisspeptin as a crucial link between metabolism and reproduction.

Cancer Research

Kisspeptin is recognized as a potent anti-metastasis agent, showing up to 95% inhibition of melanoma spread by suppressing cancer cell migration and adhesion. Consistent research shows decreased kisspeptin levels in many metastatic cancers. Research continues to investigate how kisspeptin can be modified to effectively inhibit metastasis across various organs, potentially enhancing existing cancer treatments.

Studied Memory Enhancement

Kisspeptin analogs are involved in brain regions governing memory and spatial orientation. Studies in mice show these peptides can reverse learning and navigational impairments, suggesting they may enhance the ability to encode and retain information. This supports research into kisspeptin-based nootropic compounds.

Impact on Mood

Kisspeptin influences neural pathways related to emotion and motivation. Healthy male participants who received kisspeptin showed enhanced activity in brain regions linked to emotion and exhibited a heightened sense of reward-seeking behavior, suggesting a role in mood regulation and positive affect.

Kidney and Heart

Kisspeptin and its receptor are found in the kidney, suggesting a role in supporting kidney function and proper glomerular development. In the cardiovascular system, kisspeptin influences vascular regions, contributing to vasoconstriction and potentially modulating cardiac output. This link to angiogenesis and vascular activity may explain its diverse roles in kidney health, cardiovascular function, and cancer metastasis.

Kisspeptin-10 Summary

Kisspeptin is a peptide primarily regulating reproductive hormone secretion. Its research scope includes testosterone, cancer metastasis, energy balance, and more. Preclinical data indicates moderate bioavailability and mild side effects, but all findings are for research only and do not translate directly to humans.

DISCLAIMER: ALL INFORMATION IS FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. Products are for in-vitro studies only (outside the body). They are not FDA-approved medicines or drugs. Bodily introduction is strictly forbidden by law.

Storage

Storage Instructions

The product is lyophilized (freeze-dried) for stability (3–4 months). After reconstitution with bacteriostatic water, it requires refrigeration and is stable for up to 30 days.

• Long-Term Storage (Months/Years): $-80^{\circ}C$ ($-112^{\circ}F$) freezer.
• Short-Term Storage (Days/Months): Below $4^{\circ}C$ ($39^{\circ}F$) refrigeration.

Best Practices For Storing Peptides

• Minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
• Avoid frost-free freezers.
• Keep peptides cool and protected from light.

Preventing Oxidation and Moisture Contamination

To prevent condensation when cold, allow vials to reach room temperature before opening. Minimize air exposure and consider storing under a dry, inert gas (Nitrogen/Argon). Aliquotting the peptide into smaller portions prevents repeated handling and exposure.

Storing Peptides In Solution

Solutions degrade faster. Use sterile buffers with a pH of 5-6 and aliquot. Refrigerated solutions are typically stable for up to 30 days.

Peptide Storage Containers

Glass vials are ideal for clarity and inertness, but plastic (polystyrene/polypropylene) is also suitable. Minimize excess air space in the container.

Peptide Storage Guidelines: General Tips

• Store in a cold, dry, and dark environment.
• Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
• Minimize air and light exposure.
• Store lyophilized whenever possible; use aliquots.

Article Author

This review was written by Dr. Stephen B. Seminara, M.D., a distinguished endocrinologist. Her discovery of the GPR54 (KISS1R) receptor’s role in GnRH activation is foundational to understanding Kisspeptin's function in reproduction.

Scientific Journal Author

Dr. Stephen B. Seminara and her collaborators (Drs. W.H. Colledge, V.M. Navarro, W.S. Dhillo, etc.) established the central role of the Kisspeptin-GPR54 pathway in reproductive endocrinology, hormonal communication, energy balance, and neuroendocrine function.

Note: This credit is solely for scientific acknowledgement and is not a product endorsement.

Reference Citations

• Lee DK, et al. Endocrinology. 1999;140(2):583-590.
• Kotani M, et al. J Biol Chem. 2001;276(37):34631-34636.
• Seminara SB, et al. N Engl J Med. 2003;349(17):1614-1627.
• Navarro VM, et al. Endocr Rev. 2012;33(6):686-727.
• Messager S, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005;102(5):1761-1766.
• Clarkson J, Herbison AE. J Neurosci. 2006;26(19):4986-4995.
• Dhillo WS, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(2):545-550.
• Hori A, et al. Int J Cancer. 2001;92(4):529–534.
• Dhillo WS, et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007;92(8):3125-3131.
• d'Anglemont de Tassigny X, et al. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2010;6(10):564-574.